Karl Marxs Views on how Industrialization Affected...

Karl Marxs Views on how Industrialization Affected Society The Industrial Revolution was the result of many interrelated changes that transformed society from agricultural communities into industrial ones. The most immediate changes on society because of this revolution were on the products that were produced, where, and how. Goods that were traditionally made in homes or small workshops began to be manufactured in large industrial factories. As a result, productivity and efficiency increased dramatically, thereby causing a radical shift in the long-established economies that existed at the time. The Industrial Revolution led to the growth of cities as people moved from rural areas to the city in order to find work.†¦show more content†¦The canalization of rivers, the steam engine, and railways were key components of the development of industry [2]. The extensive canal system was created around the mid 1700s to move goods and supplies inland. This system was cheaper and quicker than shipping goods over land [3]. The steam en gine, however, was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution. Prior to the invention of steam power, factories were located along rivers and used water for power. The development of a practical, efficient steam engine and its application to industry and transportation was a great leap in progress for industrialization. The steam engine’s application was limitless, and it was responsible for lifting industries from infancy to adolescence. Steam engines were used to develop machines that operated factory systems, pumps for mines, faster ships, and locomotives. A steam locomotive was able to carry raw materials and products very quickly. The expansion of the uses of the steam engine created the steam locomotive and a greater need for a railroad system. As a result, Railroads multiplied rapidly in England from 1,000 miles in 1836 to more than 7,000 miles by 1852 [4]. Machinery took the place of the work of many humans and made the work easier on others. The introduction of machinery into factories was the single most important factor in the explosion of the industrial system. The introduction of machinery increased the perShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Dynamics of Marxism2001 Words   |  9 Pagesin hand with the passing of time for human society. Karl Marx’s views on Industrialization and the bourgeoisie had a major impact on how we view our industrial alignment today. Marx and Engel’s The Communist Manifesto gives broad views on the subject of the middle class and how they fit into a society that was ruled by feudalism and aristocracy. Capitalism becomes a major topic in a socialist-based society that underwent many changes as industrialization progressed. A government must be dynamic inRead MoreEssay about Karl Marx and Adam Smith: Division of Labour1117 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx and Adam Smith: Division of Labour A nation is just a vast establishment, where the labour of each, however diverse in character, adds to the wealth of all. Two brilliant people of their time are both respected in their views for creating a near perfect society where everyone is happy. Adam Smith, a respected Scottish political economist philosopher born in 1723, had the goal of perfect liberty for all individuals through the capitalistic approach. While Karl Marx, born in 1818Read MoreKarl Marx And The German Ideology1713 Words   |  7 PagesKarl Marx was born on May 5th, 1818, in Trier, Germany. (Rà ¼hle, 1943) He was a university scholar who gained knowledge in topics such as philosophy, law and history. (Rà ¼hle, 1943) Marx eventually switched from studying law to study philosophy, in which he gained his doctorate degree at Jena in. (Calhoun, Gerteis, Moody, Pfaff, Virk, 2012) Marx was known for being not only a social critic but also an economist. Marx is also known to have close working ties to Frede rick Engels, a fellow sociologistRead MoreCore Vs. Sociological Theory918 Words   |  4 PagesMidterm Essay: Core Figures in Sociological Theory What is the meaning of life? Ah, a question that has pondered the mind of an individual for eons and eons. In a feudal society, it was common to turn to faith and religion to answer such question. Eventually, man became hungry for evidence and truth, thus the Enlightenment was born. The Enlightenment was a period of remarkable intellectual development that occurred in Europe during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The EnlightenmentRead More Theory of marxism and sports Essay859 Words   |  4 Pages The paper that is about to be presented is about how a theory invented by Karl Marx can intertwine with sports as we know it. The Marxist theory mainly affects how people can participate in different sports depending on their class status. In the first two paragraphs, the paper will describe the basic intentions of the Marxist Theory and its background. The next two paragraphs will explain how the the theory and spoats coincide. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Marxist theory is used all overRead More How religion was affected by Industrialization Essay1368 Words   |  6 PagesHow religion was affected by Industrialization The Communist Manifesto Great changes took place in the lives and work of people in several parts of the world, resulting from the development of the Industrial Revolution. Just before the outbreak of revolutionary violence in Paris due to the consequences of industrialization, Karl Marx wrote â€Å"The Communist Manifesto.† He saw this revolutionary violence as â€Å"the opening episode of a worldwide communist revolution.†1 There was no suchRead MoreKarl Marx And Marxism1229 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx’s ideology was established to show what would happen if the social classes struggled with each other. Vladimir Lenin however, was more practical in that his ideology carried the changes needed to fit into the country itself. Marx anticipated that his concept would come to carry out a more advanced capitalist state because is where he thought the revolution he talked about would take place. Still, Leninism took place in a country that was not as advanced as Mr. Marx would hav e imagined.Read MoreThe Paradox of Capitalism2320 Words   |  10 Pagesfor those who are devoted, innovative, and work hard. Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim, prominent social theorists studied the division of labour in a capitalist economy and both of their views have merit. Marx, well renowned German philosopher was one of the first incredibly influential social activists in history. He fear that we live in a materially determined economy has come to light brighter than ever before. He believed that members of a society were in constant conflict with one another becauseRead MoreThe Founding Fathers in Context2150 Words   |  9 Pagespresent-day’s ethnographic research as well as the views of their contemporaries. This leads one to ask if the time period in which sociology came about lead to its birth? Or were these founding fathers generally interested in the social ties that bind us together? I believe it is a combination of both that lead to the development of sociology. For all intents and purposes, I will essentialize the great thinkers in order to illustrate how they were affected by the times during which they were theorizingRead MoreElton Mayo And Alienation1204 Words   |  5 Pages Frederick Taylor, Elton Mayo, and Alienation The nineteenth century was a time ripe with progress and hope due to booming industrialization. As organizations and workforces grew, people looked for ways to increase their productivity and profit margins. New ideas were needed to satisfy both business owners and their employees and as such, along came theorists such as Marx or other contributors like Frederick Taylor and Elton Mayo. Taylor produced a management style coined Scientific Management

The Philosophy of Nonviolence of Dr. Martin Luther King in...

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Letter from a Birmingham Jail gave the people an insight into the mind and his unwillingness to give up on his dream for better life and respect for ‘Negroes’. However, it was not just his mentality we have an insight on but also his philosophy, his mantra. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was a devoted Christian and refused to use cruel, demeaning words and unnecessary violence to get his points across to the people. He fought against the injustices brought on upon the black people by the ‘white power’ in Birmingham. Letter from a Birmingham Jail also gave insight into his personality and character. Throughout the letter, he never used cruel words, he never used words that could be taken offensively by the people who†¦show more content†¦Dr. King’s philosophy is still significant, but I ask you, why? Why does it matter? Why is it still significant? Martin Luther King Jr. philosophy during the Civil Rights Movement was not only the use of no violence but to love every once without any biasness. That meaning that even though the black people, his people, were oppressed, he would still love everyone, not matter their skin color and treat them the way the bible intended them to be treated, even if they were to use violence against him. He would not retaliate; he would be coupled with them as a person who used violence and force, and dehumanize people who, like him, are also people, neither superior nor inferior to each other. His method of nonviolence caused ‘tension’ between the oppressive ‘white power’ and the people of color. Tension was needed between the clashing opposing forces. However, it was not a fight, not literally, between people but a fight between injustice and justice acts and attitudes towards people. His reasoning behind going to Birmingham was â€Å"injustice anywhere is a threat to jus tice everywhere,† and, â€Å"what affects one directly affects all indirectly.† He compared himself to the Apostle Paul who left his village and ‘carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far corners of the Greco-Roman world’. Hence my referring to Dr. King’s fight for justice a ‘gospel of freedom’, a message he spread across the nation to stop and desist all wrongful acts against peopleShow MoreRelatedOutline And Objective Of A Persuasive Text1284 Words   |  6 Pageshave an empty picture. Evidence and reasoning are the two basic pieces of your persuasive letter. Without these, you’ll simply have a frame—your claim—without information to complete the argument. Explaining how things connect for your reader is one of the most important ways to strengthen your argument. 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Socrates and martin Luther king were quiet similar inRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr Life1015 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr. Chronology   1929 | Born on at noon on January 15, 1929.   Parents: The Reverend and Mrs. Martin Luther King, Sr.   Home: 501 Auburn Avenue, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia.   | 1944 | Graduated from Booker T. Washington High School and was admitted to  Morehouse College  at age 15.   | 1948 | Graduates from  Morehouse College  and enters Crozer Theological Seminary.   Ordained to the Baptist ministry, February 25, 1948, at age 19.   | 1951 | Enters  Boston University  forRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King1246 Words   |  5 Pagesseparate the sage s life from his or her Philosophical beliefs, it is also impossible to separate the public philosophical advocate from their place in history. Martin Luther brought important philosophical and moral concerns into the public arena. 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King’s eloquent appeal to the logical, emotional, and most notably, moral and spiritual side of his audience, serves to make â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† one of the most moving and persuasive literary pieces of the 20thRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King874 Words   |  4 PagesDr. Martin Luther King, Jr. writes this letter as a response to the clergymen, who criticized and impeded the nonviolent campaign led by King in Birmingham. In his long letter, Marin Luther King presents a good deal of rational reasons for why the nonviolent campaign should be done in Southern America. He also demonstrates his unmovable determination to accomplish the goal of this nonviolent campaign. Obviously, King intends to awake the clergymen and other oppo nents by this touching letter. FromRead MoreThe Ends Justify the Means1113 Words   |  5 PagesCounty. 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Leadership and Nursing Contemporary Perspectives

Question: Discuss about the Leadership and Nursing for Contemporary Perspectives. Answer: Introduction Grief and bereavement is a part and parcel of healthcare profession that requires sensitive handling, communication, understanding and support by healthcare professionals (Huber, 2013). In the provided scenario the patients wife is in a complete state of grief and bereavement due to the shocking and unexpected death of her husband. This situation requires a strategic communication by healthcare professional to manage her situation; therefore, present study involves Implementation of transactional communication framework to perform effective communication for the situation of grief in present scenario. The transactional model of communication involves a procedure of establishing a connection between sender and receiver like engaging in the transaction. This framework of communication considered that all involved in communication are senders and receivers not merely a receiver and sender (Schnurr, 2012). Further, this model confirms that communication is effectual for all parties involved in it. According to Prelock Nelson (2012), transactional communication framework follows the concept where communicators share the message on a similar matter as a fluid form of communication. Communication Framework As per the communication theory, communication works as an art of discourse (rhetorical) to handle socio-psychological situations (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2012). Out of various communication frameworks, transactional model of communication helps to establish a connection and relationship between sender and receiver that is essential to resolve psychological situations like grief and bereavement (McCabe Timmins, 2013). Therefore, transactional model is considered as proper communication framework for professional to handle the grief situation of patients wife in this scenario. In the present scenario, the sudden death of the patient has created a shocking bereavement situation for his wife that is a part of psychological disturbance. She is not able to understand the rationale of the situation as they only came for a liver biopsy but sudden death occurred due to his diagnosis with cancer. Matusitz Spear (2014) indicated that healthcare professionals can help the patient in grief by developing an interactive relationship with them. The transactional communication framework is best suited to develop a vis-a-vis interaction between two human beings. Therefore, an interactive communication with patients wife will help the nurse to let her explain the complete situation. According to Prelock Nelson (2012), the most basic feature of transactional communication is its bi-directional and reciprocal interaction between the receiver and sender as per the environmental situations. This framework also helps the sender to understand the communicative behaviour of the receiver as well as enhance the clarity of message while communicating. These features of framework compliment the present situation of grief where nurse needs to form a reciprocal interaction with the patients wife as well as understand her communicative behaviour to form effective communication. Further, Zarei Shojayizade (2012) studied that transactional communication is critically affected by the surroundings termed as noise in the communication model. These environments can be physical, psychological, emotional or any other depending on the situation. In the present scenario, this feature of the transactional model, i. e disturbance by noise can affect the better communication with patien ts wife. Analysis of communication scenario As per the present communication scenario, the most prominent element that can lead to ineffective communication is the absence of surgeon and other professionals to communicate with the patients wife. Bylund, Peterson Cameron (2012) studied that in healthcare zone patients and families try to prefer physicians for communication as these physicians demonstrate a patient-centred approach looking after them or patient. Even the patient family also prefer physician rather than nurse for communication. As the physician, in present scenario left the care nurse alone with the patients wife this can create a hurdle in forming effective interpersonal communication. Therefore, the absence of physician in present communication scenario can be considered as one element causing ineffective interpersonal communication. Further, adding on to conditions, the physical surroundings- environment of the hospital can be considered as another disturbing element that can negatively affect interpersonal communication between the nurse and patients wife in provided scenario. According to Matusitz Spear (2014) transactional communication is a source of receiver communication without an objective channel; therefore, it is under continuous influence of external environment contributing to a mode of communication. Further, Wong Giallonardo (2015) opined that grief and bereavement can never be handled under negative environmental conditions. The communication for reconciliation needs positivity that's why the rehabilitation centres are meant. In the present communication scenario, the external environment of the hospital can work as an element contributing to ineffective communication because patients wife is in the state of trauma and shock due to a sudden death of her husband. The presence of other surrounding negativity may contribute to her trauma and create a negative effect on communication. This external environment is not even under the control of care nurse involved in the communication process. Zarei Shojayizade (2012) studied that giving and taking a message is a mutual and simultaneous process that needs cooperation from both the sides (sender and receiver) in transactional communication framework. Therefore, the social relationship status of both the parties (receiver and sender) is another element that affects effective transactional communication. The transactional model of communication is very much dependant on the status of the relationship between the sender and receiver of the message because this communication framework is built for interpersonal communication. The social relationship status is a major factor that determines the effectiveness of communication (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2012). In the present communication scenario, the care nurse and patients wife share no particular social relationship being complete strangers to each other. This element of missing social relationship can work as a hurdle in communication process being another element that makes communication ineffective. According to Wallace (2015) study states that transactional communication is impossible in the social vacuum. This framework highly depends on experiences, information, viewpoint and social perception of both sender and receiver. Therefore, the absence of a social relationship in this scenario also works as an element affecting effective interpersonal communication. Further, the patient mental perception about end-of-life situation is another element that can hinder effective communication because patients wife is a woman who has lost her husband accidently creating a shock and dilemmatic situation for the healthcare profession. Prelock Nelson (2012) studied that individual perception works as a noise in transactional communication creating non-verbal disturbance in understanding the message and generating responses. Adding on to this, patients wife is right now in the mental state of shock that will work a negative factor to conduct any interpersonal communication with her. According to Rogers (2012) stress, emotions and anxiety are psychological influences of communication that found troubling situations. For a sender or receiver, it is very challenging to communicate in the presence of these psychological contexts. The present situation of patients wife clearly indicates her state of stress and anxiety; therefore, her psychological context c an also work as element hinder effective interpersonal communication. Apply communication framework The selected communication framework of the provided scenario is transactional communication framework that can work in an effectual manner to manage the shock, grief and bereavement situation of vulnerable. As in this case is a sensitive matter of personal loss, the involved nurse firstly needs to understand or predict the beliefs, intention, behaviour and attitude of patients wife. The nurse here needs to work as a provider in the provider-patient encounter of interpersonal communication. Valenzuela Smith (2015) indicated that provider in healthcare scenario involves a broad range of professionals that need to maintain an interpersonal relationship with the patient as well as maintain a balance of communication. In the provided scenario, care nurse need to perform the role of the provider where the communication will be individually centred as per patients identified dimensions because as per communication theories any interpersonal communication in healthcare needs to be an indiv idual, interaction or relationship centred as per patients state of mind, the message exchanged and patient-provider relationship. In the present case, as the nurse and patients wife share no relationship, therefore; the nurse will adopt a goal-plan-action approach for initiating a conversation to reconcile the vulnerable. Further, after forming a patient-provider interaction, the next step for applying transactional communication is to determine the goals of communication that need to be interaction goals. The primary goal of this communication is the nurse (provider) desire to modify the patients wife (receiver) situation of grief. Nguyen et al. (2015) indicated that determining communication goals help to better plan a conversation in healthcare. Further, the process involves planning to attain consent, change the relationship and change other persons stance towards the problem further establishing counselling process. In the present scenario also, the healthcare nurse can establish communication by obtaining permission, developing a relationship and discussing the issue with the patients wife. This simple process can work as counselling process in present situation where the nurse can communicate the message to her and provide her counselling. In this manner, the plan of transactional communication can take place in provided scenario. Zarei Shojayizade (2012) indicated that both verbal and nonverbal actions could work in transactional communication between humans. Therefore, both the verbal and nonverbal actions can be used to communicate in provided scenario. Prelock Nelson (2012) indicated that non-verbal communications like sympathy, positivity, relaxations and soulful touching are considered as a more effective form of communication in healthcare rather than verbal messages. In the present case also, non-verbal activities can also work as a better form of communication. Lastly, implementing actions and getting the positive outcome of transactional communication in form of persons response is the completion of transactional communication (McCabe Timmins, 2013). Conclusion The provided case scenario is the situation of patients wife who is in the complete state of shock, grief and bereavement due to the sudden accidental death of her husband in the hospital. The day care nurse was left all alone to provide her support and reconciliation through communication. For this situation, the transactional communication framework is an appropriate solution to communicate with the person because this framework allows a goal-plan-action approach of individual communication. The individual approach with verbal and non-verbal communication strategies is adopted to establish communication. With this communication framework nurse (sender) will help patients wife (receiver) to develop counselling and recovery from her grief. The possible elements that can disturb the effective communication are the absence of a physician, the physical environment of the hospital, relationship status, patients mental status and perception. However, application of transactional communication with the goal-plan-action approach with best possible strategies can help to overcome these elements with best possible transactions and client recovery from grief. References Goldenberg, H., Goldenberg, I. (2012).Family therapy: An overview. Cengage Learning. Huber, D. (2013).Leadership and nursing care management. Elsevier Health Sciences. McCabe, C., Timmins, F. (2013).Communication skills for nursing practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Schnurr, S. (2012).Exploring professional communication: Language in action. Routledge. Bylund, C. L., Peterson, E. B., Cameron, K. A. (2012). A practitioner's guide to interpersonal communication theory: An overview and exploration of selected theories.Patient education and counseling,87(3), 261-267. Matusitz, J., Spear, J. (2014). Effective doctorpatient communication: an updated examination.Social work in public health,29(3), 252-266. Nguyen, O. K., Chan, C. V., Makam, A., Stieglitz, H., Amarasingham, R. (2015). Envisioning a social-health information exchange as a platform to support a patient-centered medical neighborhood: a feasibility study.Journal of general internal medicine,30(1), 60-67. Prelock, P. J., Nelson, N. W. (2012). Language and communication in autism: an integrated view.Pediatric Clinics of North America,59(1), 129-145. Rogers, R. (2012). Leadership communication styles: a descriptive analysis of health care professionals.Journal of Healthcare Leadership,4(1), 47-57. Valenzuela, J. M., Smith, L. (2015). Topical Review: ProviderPatient Interactions: An Important Consideration for Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities in Youth.Journal of pediatric psychology, jsv086. Wallace, C. L. (2015). Family communication and decision making at the end of life: A literature review.Palliative and Supportive Care,13(03), 815-825. Wong, C., Giallonardo, L. (2015). Leadership and its influence on patient outcomes.Leadership and Nursing: Contemporary Perspectives, 153-170. Zarei, F., Shojayizade, D. (2012). The effect of educational intervention based on BASNEF model to improve interpersonal communication skills of nurses.Journal of Alborz Health,1(3), 173-178.

Women In Combat Essays (1958 words) - Gender Studies,

Women in Combat In the 1970's, the services traditional attitude toward women was challenged; change was forced upon a reluctant establishment (Holm, 198). The decision to end the draft was the catalyst to such change. This decision allowed for women's' participation in the armed forces in unprecedented numbers. The United States Armed Forces have more female numbers than any other nation in the world, both in actual numbers and in percentages (Holm, 1982). The drive for an all-volunteer force, along with an "aggressive tide of feminism" and congressional passage of the equal rights Amendments led to a gradual shift in the role and status of women in the military (Holm, 1982). In today's military, women were no longer confined to traditional roles in the medical and administrative fields. Almost all military job categories and military occupational specialties (MOS) have been opened to women. They now repair tanks, warplanes, and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM's). They serve on naval vess els that deploy to service ships and submarines of the operational fleet and on Coast Guard cutters operating off United States shores. They serve on missile crews, operate heavy equipment, and direct air traffic. They also provide essential support to combat troops in the field (Holm, 1982). It appears that women have been integrated into practically every aspect of the military; yet there are some jobs that remain closed to them, namely-direct combat specialties (Holm, 1982; Goldman, 1982). It is over these residual exclusions that controversy rages. Technically, women are barred by low or policy from what is defined in narrow terms as "combat". Each of the United States Armed Services excludes females from active Combat. The nature and extent of the exclusion varies with each service. Yet, many argue that the distinction between combat and non-combat becomes blurred in the context of women warfare (Gilder, 1979; Holm, 1982, Goldman, 1982). In actually, many women are assigned to jabs that will expose them to enemy attack, and this has been openly acknowledged by the top Pentagon officials (Women in combat-closer than you think, 1980). The United States Army has also recognized that women would be deployed in combat zones as an inevitable consequence of their assignments. This was confirmed in the following statement made by then Army Chief of Staff, General Bernad W. Rogers: "Some people believe that women soldiers will not be deployed in the event of hostilities: that they are only to be part-time soldiers here in peace, gone i n war. Women are an essential part of the force; they will deploy with their units and they will serve in the skills in which they have been trained" (Holm, 1982, p. 286). It appears that the combat exclusion policy does not realistically exclude women from combat, and it seems the military's reliance on women is increasing. Schneider (1988) conducted interviews with women in traditionally male jobs, asking them what they felt their status would become if a war broke out. In general, they believed that "...they could not and would not be removed in combat situation" (p. 162). The following was taken from two of these interviews. "I've already asked," said a first flight engineer on a C-5, what happens if I'm sitting on alert in Europe somewhere and something really happens? Does that mean that they don't have a legal crew anymore because the engineer can't go?"' A Coast Guard female lieutenant had this to say: ?" I was the trained CIC officer, responsible for the combat information center. Along with a team of radar men, CIC must plot all enemy and friendly forces and advise the bridge of such things as incoming missiles.... I'm the one that's used to working with these guys. That was the purpose of sending us through that simulated training, so that we could get used to working together as a team. What would they do? They couldn't just fly me off and stick somebody else in there"' (Schneider, 1988, p.162). It appears that the United States military is in a position where women are so fully and flexibly involved in the organizational structure, that in a war, it would be very difficult to separate them out. Yet, there are those who feel those women are not physically and mentally